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Angles
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| The ethnic name "Angle" has had various forms and spellings, the earliest attested being Anglii, the Latinized name of a Germanic tribe mentioned in the Germania of Tacitus. It is adjectival in form. An individual of this tribe would have been called "Anglius" if male and "Anglia" if female, (the plural forms being "Anglii" and "Angliae", respectively). The masculine is used for the generic form. |
The Heavenly Four
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The original noun from which this adjective was produced has not been determined with confidence. The stem is theorized to have had the form *Ang?l/r-. The more prominent etymological theories concerning the name's origin have included:
* Derivation from the Latin word angulus, translating as "Angle"
* The Old English word for the Baltic district of Angeln (where the Angles are believed to have emigrated from) is Angel. This is the preferred etymological theory amongst historians, and may connect to Angle, (the peninsula is marked for its "angular" shape).
* It may mean "the people who dwell by the Narrow Water," (i.e. the Schlei), from the Proto-Indo-European language root ang- meaning "narrow".
* Derivation from the Germanic god Ingwaz or the Ingvaeones federation of which the Angles were part, (the initial vowel could as well be "a" or "e").
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Pope Gregory the Great is the first known to have simplified Anglii to Angli, which he did in an epistle, the latter form developing into the preferred form of the word in Britain and throughout the continent, (the generic form becoming Anglus in answer). The country remained Anglia in Latin. Meanwhile, there are several likenesses of form and meaning attested in Old English literature:
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Angle is used as the root of the French and Anglo-Norman words Angleterre (Angleland, i.e. England) and anglais (English).
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